This list of Russian mathematicians includes the famous mathematicians from the , the Soviet Union and the (Russian Federation).
Alphabetical list
A
- (Georgy Adelson-Velsky), inventor of (AVL tree) algorithm, developer of (Kaissa), the first world computer chess champion
- (Sergei Adian), known for his work in (group theory), especially on the (Burnside problem)
- (Aleksandr Aleksandrov), developer of (CAT(k) space) and (Alexandrov's uniqueness theorem) in geometry
- (Pavel Alexandrov), author of the (Alexandroff compactification) and the (Alexandrov topology)
- (Dmitri Anosov), developed (Anosov diffeomorphism)
- (Vladimir Arnold), an author of the (Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser theorem) in (dynamical systems), solved (Hilbert's 13th problem), raised the (ADE classification) and (Arnold's rouble problems)
B
- (Alexander Beilinson), influential mathematician in (representation theory), (algebraic geometry) and (mathematical physics)
- (Sergey Bernstein), developed the (Bernstein polynomial), (Bernstein's theorem) and (Bernstein inequalities in probability theory)
- (Nikolay Bogolyubov), mathematician and theoretical physicist, author of the (edge-of-the-wedge theorem), (Krylov–Bogolyubov theorem), (describing function) and multiple important contributions to (quantum mechanics)
- (Vladimir Berkovich), developed (Berkovich spaces)
- (Viktor Bunyakovsky), noted for his work in theoretical mechanics and number theory, and is credited with an early discovery of the (Cauchy–Schwarz inequality)
- (Leonid Berlyand), (PDE) theorist, worked on (asymptotic homogenization) methods, (Humboldt Prize) winner
C
- (Georg Cantor), inventor of (set theory). Cantor was born into the Russian Empire, moving to Saxony with his family at age 11.
- (Sergey Chaplygin), author of (Chaplygin's equation) important in (aerodynamics) and notion of (Chaplygin gas).
- (Nikolai Chebotaryov), author of (Chebotarev's density theorem)
- (Pafnuti Chebyshev), prominent tutor and founding father of Russian mathematics, contributed to (probability), (statistics) and (number theory), author of the (Chebyshev's inequality), (Chebyshev distance), (Chebyshev function), (Chebyshev equation) etc.
- (Sergei Chernikov), significant contributor to both infinite group theory (developer of Chernikov groups), and linear programming.
D
- (Boris Delaunay), inventor of (Delaunay triangulation), organised the first (Soviet Student Olympiad) in mathematics
- (Vladimir Drinfeld), mathematician and theoretical physicist, introduced (quantum groups) and (ADHM construction), (Fields Medal) winner
- (Eugene Dynkin), developed (Dynkin diagram), (Doob–Dynkin lemma) and (Dynkin system) in algebra and (probability)
E
- (Dmitri Egorov), known for significant contributions to the areas of differential geometry and mathematical analysis.
- (Leonhard Euler), preeminent 18th century mathematician, arguably the greatest of all time, made important discoveries in (mathematical analysis), (graph theory) and (number theory), introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation ((mathematical function), (Euler's number), (Euler circles) etc.) Although Swiss born Euler spent most of his life in (St. Petersburg).
F
- (Ivan Fesenko), number theorist
- (Anatoly Fomenko), topologist and chronologist, put forth a controversial theory of the (New Chronology)
- (Yevgraf Fyodorov), mathematician and crystallographer, identified (Periodic graph) in geometry, the first to catalogue all 230 (space groups) of crystals
G
- (Boris Galerkin), developed the (Galerkin method) in (numerical analysis)
- (Israel Gelfand), major contributor to numerous areas of mathematics, including (group theory), (representation theory) and (linear algebra), author of the (Gelfand representation), (Gelfand pair), (Gelfand triple), (integral geometry) etc.
- (Alexander Gelfond), author of (Gelfond's theorem), provided means to obtain infinite number of (transcendentals), including (Gelfond–Schneider constant) and (Gelfond's constant), (Wolf Prize in Mathematics) winner
- (Semyon Aranovich Gershgorin), of (Gerschgorin circle theorem) fame
- (Sergei Godunov), developed (Godunov's theorem) and (Godunov's scheme) in (differential equations)
- (Valery Goppa), inventor of (Goppa codes), and (algebraic geometry codes) in the field of (algebraic geometry)
- (Mikhail Gromov), a prominent developer of (geometric group theory), inventor of (homotopy principle), introduced (Gromov's compactness theorem), (Gromov norm), (Gromov product) etc., Wolf Prize winner
K
- (Leonid Kantorovich), mathematician and economist, founded (linear programming), introduced the (Kantorovich inequality) and (Kantorovich metric), developed the theory of (optimal allocation) of resources, (Nobel Prize in Economics) winner
- (Anatoly Karatsuba), developed the (Karatsuba algorithm) (the first fast (multiplication algorithm))
- (David Kazhdan), Soviet, American and Israeli mathematician, Representation theory, Category theory, (Kazhdan-Lusztig conjecture), (Kazhdan-Margulis theorem), (Kazhdan property (T)). Held (MacArthur Fellowship), (Israel Prize), in Mathematics, doctoral adviser of (Vladimir Voevodsky) ((Fields medal) recipient)
- (Leonid Khachiyan), developed the (Ellipsoid algorithm) for (linear programming)
- (Aleksandr Khinchin), developed the (Pollaczek-Khinchine formula), (Wiener–Khinchin theorem) and (Khinchin inequality) in (probability theory)
- (Askold Khovanskii), inventor of the theory of (Fewnomials), contributions to the theory of (toric varieties), (Jeffery–Williams Prize) winner
- (Andrey Kolmogorov), preeminent 20th century mathematician, Wolf Prize winner; multiple contributions to mathematics include: (probability axioms), (Chapman–Kolmogorov equation) and (Kolmogorov extension theorem) in (probability); (Kolmogorov complexity) etc.
- (Maxim Kontsevich), author of the (Kontsevich integral) and (Kontsevich quantization formula), Fields Medal winner
- (Aleksandr Korkin),
- (Vladimir Kotelnikov), pioneer in information theory, an author of fundamental (sampling theorem)
- (Sofia Kovalevskaya), first woman professor in Northern Europe and Russia, the first female professor of mathematics, discovered the (Kovalevskaya top)
- (Mikhail Kravchuk), developed the (Kravchuk polynomials) and (Kravchuk matrix)
- (Mark Krein), developed the (Tannaka–Krein duality), (Krein–Milman theorem) and (Krein space), Wolf Prize winner
- (Alexander Kronrod), developer of (Gauss–Kronrod quadrature formula) and (Kaissa), the first world computer chess champion
- (Aleksey Nikolaevich Krylov), first developed the method of (Krylov subspace), still widely used numerical method for linear problems
- (Nikolay Krylov), author of the (edge-of-the-wedge theorem), (Krylov–Bogolyubov theorem) and (describing function)
- (Aleksandr Kurosh), author of the (Kurosh subgroup theorem) and (Kurosh problem) in (group theory)
L
- (Olga Ladyzhenskaya), made major contributions to solution of (Hilbert's 19th problem) and important (Navier–Stokes equations)
- (Evgeny Landis), inventor of (AVL tree) algorithm
- (Vladimir Levenshtein), developed the (Levenshtein automaton), (Levenshtein coding) and (Levenshtein distance)
- (Boris Levin), Mathematician, famous for his theory of entire functions of completely regular growth; in 1956 established and led influential for almost 40 years mathematical seminar at Kharkov university, Ukraine
- (Leonid Levin), computer scientist, developed the (Cook-Levin theorem)
- (Yuri Linnik), developed (Linnik's theorem) in (analytic number theory)
- (Nikolai Lobachevsky), a (Copernicus) of Geometry who created the first (non-Euclidean) geometry ((Lobachevskian) or (hyperbolic geometry))
- (Lazar Lyusternik), Mathematician, famous for work in topology and differential geometry. Codevelops Lyusternik-Schnirelmann theory with (Lev Schnirelmann).
- (Nikolai Lusin), developed (Luzin's theorem), (Luzin spaces) and (Luzin sets) in (descriptive set theory)
- (Aleksandr Lyapunov), founder of (stability theory), author of the (Lyapunov's central limit theorem), (Lyapunov equation), (Lyapunov fractal), (Lyapunov time) etc.
M
- (Leonty Magnitsky), a director of the (Moscow School of Mathematics and Navigation), author of the principal Russian 18th century textbook in mathematics
- (Anatoly Maltsev), researched (decidability) of various (algebraic groups), developed the (Malcev algebra)
- (Yuri Manin), author of the (Gauss–Manin connection) in (algebraic geometry), (Manin-Mumford conjecture) and (Manin obstruction) in (diophantine geometry)
- (Grigory Margulis), worked on (lattices) in (Lie groups), Wolf Prize and (Fields Medal) winner
- (Andrey Markov, Sr.), invented the (Markov chains), proved (Markov brothers' inequality), author of the (hidden Markov model), (Markov number), (Markov property), (Markov's inequality), (Markov processes), (Markov random field), (Markov algorithm) etc.
- (Andrey Markov, Jr.), author of (Markov's principle) and in logics
- (Yuri Matiyasevich), author of (Matiyasevich's theorem) in (set theory), provided a negative solution for (Hilbert's tenth problem)
- (Mikhail Menshikov), probabilist
- (Alexander Mikhailov), coined the term (Informatics)
- (David Milman), Mathematician, famous for his method of extreme points and centers that started geometry of Banach Spaces, and had numerous further applications in Mathematics. It starts with his theorem of extreme points that entered all text books in functional analysis, as Krein-Milman theorem
N
- (Mark Naimark), author of the (Gelfand–Naimark theorem) and (Naimark's problem)
- (Pyotr Novikov), solved the (word problem for groups) and (Burnside's problem)
- (Sergei Novikov), worked on (algebraic topology) and (soliton theory), developed (Adams–Novikov spectral sequence) and (Novikov conjecture), Wolf Prize and Fields Medal winner
O
- (Andrei Okounkov), (infinite symmetric groups) and (Hilbert scheme) researcher, Fields Medal winner
- (Mikhail Ostrogradsky), mathematician and physicist, author of (divergence theorem) and (partial fractions in integration)
P
- (Grigori Perelman), made landmark contributions to (Riemannian geometry) and topology, proved (Geometrization conjecture) and (Poincaré conjecture), won a (Fields medal) and the first Clay (Millennium Prize Problems) Award (declined both)
- (Lev Pontryagin), blind mathematician, developed (Pontryagin duality) and (Pontryagin classes) in topology, and (Pontryagin's minimum principle) in (optimal control)
- (Yury Prokhorov), author of the (Lévy–Prokhorov metric) and (Prokhorov's theorem) in (probability)
R
- (Alexander Razborov), mathematician and (computational theorist) who won the (Nevanlinna Prize) in 1990 and the (Gödel Prize) for contributions to (computer sciences)
S
- (Numan Yunusovich Satimov), specialist in the theory of (differential equations)
- (Lev Schnirelmann), developed the (Lusternik–Schnirelmann category) in topology and (Schnirelmann density) of numbers
- (Igor Shafarevich), introduced the (Shafarevich–Weil theorem), proved the (Golod–Shafarevich theorem) and (Shafarevich's theorem on solvable Galois groups), important (dissident) during the (Soviet) regime, wrote books and articles that criticised (socialism)
- (Moses Schönfinkel), inventor of (combinatory logic)
- (Yakov Sinai), developed the (Kolmogorov–Sinai entropy) and (Sinai billiard), Wolf Prize winner
- (Eugen Slutsky), statistician and economist, developed the (Slutsky equation) and (Slutsky's theorem)
- (Stanislav Smirnov), prominent researcher of (triangular lattice), Fields Medalist
- (Sergei Sobolev), introduced the (Sobolev spaces) and (mathematical distributions), co-developer of the first (ternary computer) (Setun)
- (Vladimir Steklov), mathematician and physicist, founder of (Steklov Institute of Mathematics), proved theorems on (generalized Fourier series)
- (Bella Subbotovskaya), specialist in (Boolean functions), founder of unauthorized Jewish People's University to educate Jews barred from quality universities
T
- (Jakow Trachtenberg), developed the (Trachtenberg system) of (mental calculation)
- (Boris Trakhtenbrot), proved the (Gap theorem), developed (Trakhtenbrot's theorem)
- (Valentin Turchin), inventor of (Refal programming language), introduced (metasystem transition) and (supercompilation)
- (Andrey Tikhonov), author of (Tikhonov space) and (Tikhonov's theorem) (central in (general topology)), the (Tikhonov regularization) of (ill-posed problems), invented (magnetotellurics)
U
- (Pavel Urysohn), developed the topological (dimension theory) and (metrization theorems), (Urysohn's Lemma) and (Fréchet–Urysohn space) in topology
V
- (Nicolay Vasilyev), inventor of (non-Aristotelian logic), the forerunner of (paraconsistent) and (multi-valued logics)
- (Ivan Vinogradov), developed (Vinogradov's theorem) and (Pólya–Vinogradov inequality) in (analytic number theory)
- (Vladimir Voevodsky), introduced a (homotopy theory) for schemes and modern (motivic cohomology), Fields Medalist
- (Georgy Voronoy), invented the (Voronoi diagram)
Y
- (Dmitry Yegorov), author of (Egorov's Theorem) in (mathematical analysis)
Z
- (Efim Zelmanov), solved the (restricted Burnside problem); (Fields Medal) winner
See also
- (List of mathematicians)
- (List of Russian physicists)
- (List of Russian scientists)
- (Science and technology in Russia)
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